The author studies five variants of the take/grant model:
(1) no create rule;
(2) a create-take-only rule;
(3) a create-grant-only rule;
(4) a create-take-grant rule (the original model); and
(5) no create rule but a self-grant rule (the original model prohibits subjects from acquiring self rights).
The results are that (2) yields no additional power over (1); (3) yields additional power over (1) and (2), but does not have equal power to (4); and (5) has equal power to (4). This appears to be a useful result since the creation of subjects and/or objects for the purpose of passing rights can be very inefficient.
