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Cloudy, foggy and misty Internet of Things
Corsaro A.  ICPE 2016 (Proceedings of the 7th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, Delft, the Netherlands, Mar 12-16, 2016)261-261.2016.Type:Proceedings
Date Reviewed: Aug 25 2017

[Editor’s note: Because this proceedings paper is simply an abstract of a keynote, the reviewer based the review on Corsaro’s keynote slides, available here: https://www.slideshare.net/Angelo.Corsaro/the-cloudy-foggy-and-misty-internet-of-things-toward-fluid-iot-architectures.]

Overcoming the often-oversold Internet of Things (IoT) reliance on cloud infrastructure is at the heart of a new revamping of edge computing called “fog computing” (see OpenFogConsortium.org). Basically, today’s cloud models are not designed for the volume, variety, and velocity of data that IoT generates. This short abstract and online presentation show how early cloud-centric architectures cannot support scaling IoT data-centric requirements. Fog computing is looking to standardize what current edge and embedded architects already know: build virtual network and storage layers closer to the IoT devices, and bridge to the cloud when needed.

The author’s presentation describes these cloud constraints and shows the reality of the scale of IoT in the future (for example, 27 devices per person), that real-world latency matters (for example, leveling production of an airplane wing), that networking isn’t always available, and how cellular is expensive. This scalability concern is manifested in an estimated 50 billion “things” connected to the Internet by 2020, generating 2TB of daily data. Obviously, the cloud cannot meet these demands, and in a lot of cases isn’t even realistic based on current IoT products. For example, Bluetooth is a staple for IoT connectivity and requires contextually near and relevant devices (think smart light switches or Bluetooth speakers). Other devices then talk with the cloud as needed or possible.

The fog architecture is based on eight architectural pillars: security, scalability, open, autonomy, RAS (reliability, availability, and serviceability), agility, hierarchy, and programmability. This open interoperable framework is being defined by the OpenFog Consortium. Its goal is to support “efficient and reliable networks and intelligent endpoints combined with identifiable, secure, and privacy-friendly information flows between clouds, endpoints, and services based on open standard technologies” (https://www.openfogconsortium.org/).

The author’s company already builds “edge” networking technology supporting the Open Management Group (OMG) Data Distribution Services (DDS) standard. With other DDS-based companies and the networking giant Cisco included in the OpenFog Consortium, this data-centric vision should help with defining a new IoT framework (already using DDS technology in many cases).

The choice of the name “fog” is interesting as it conjures something fuzzy, unclear, or confusing. Hopefully this perceived lack of clarity won’t make it hard to entice other major personal IoT vendors who are already busy building their own frameworks and standards.

Reviewer:  Scott Moody Review #: CR145504 (1711-0733)
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